新型硫脲螯合树脂对金(Ⅲ)吸附性能的研究

用静态法较系统地研究了新型硫脲树脂从酸性含金氯化溶液中吸附金及其解吸金的性能,结果表明,在实验条件下,新树脂在含有Au3+、Cu2+、Ni2+和Fe3+等离子的混合体系中,对Au3+有良好的吸附容量和选择性,并能定量地解吸树脂所吸附的Au3+。在适宜条件下,该树脂对金的吸附率和解吸率均达到98%以上。     

斑岩铜矿-浅成低温热液银铅锌-远接触带热液金矿矿床模型:一个新的矿床模型——以德兴地区为例

在前人研究的基础上,通过系统的野外考察,论证了位于赣东北德兴地区德乐中生代火山盆地中的德兴铜矿、银山银铜铅锌矿和金山金矿及蛤蟆石金矿属于同一成矿系统。德兴铜矿是典型的斑岩铜矿,成矿流体和金属元素主要来自岩浆;银山银铜铅锌矿是一个下部为斑岩铜矿、上部为浅成低温热液型银铅锌矿,成矿流体早期以岩浆为主,晚期有较多的大气降水参与,成矿物质主要来自岩浆;金山和蛤蟆石金矿是远接触带热液矿床,成矿流体为岩浆热液与大气降水的混合产物,金主要来自围岩——双桥山群浅变质岩。这3套矿床以中酸性花岗斑岩或石英斑岩(高钾钙碱质花岗岩)为核心具有明显的分带性,自中心向外或深部向浅部为:斑岩铜金钼矿、浅成低温热液型银铅锌矿和远接触带热液型金矿。这种矿床组合关系不同于已知的经典斑岩铜矿模型和斑岩铜矿-浅成低温热液金银矿床模型,因而,有必要提出一个新的模型:斑岩铜矿-浅成低温热液银铅锌矿-远接触带热液金矿模型。这套矿床形成于中侏罗世,抑或是古太平洋俯冲板片局部重熔或撕裂重熔的产物,抑或是在活动大陆边缘岩浆弧后伸展带由地幔底侵的结果。     

Preparation of TiO2 Nanoparticles Coated Cotton Fibers at Low Temperature and Their Photocatalytic Activity

TiO_2 nanoparticles coated cotton fiber composite was successfully prepared by using a sol-gel method at low temperature(about 100℃) using tetrabutyl-titanate [Ti(OBu)_4] as raw material.The preparation of the TiO_2 colloid and the composite were described.The properties of resulting materials were characterized by SEM and XRD,the photocatalytic degradation performance was tested using methylene blue(MB) as the target pollutant in aqueous solution.The results showed that the amorphous TiO_2 nanoparticles were distributed evenly on the outer surfaces of cotton fibers,which shows efficient photocatalytic properties when exposed to UV light,the degradation rate of MB reached 95.35% under the conditions of catalyst dosage 2.5 g/L,MB concentration 50 mg/L,irradiation time 120 min,and pH 10,and the photocatalytic activity of TiO_2/cotton fibers remained above 90% of its activity as-prepared after being used four times,the degradation rate of MB could reach 88.78% when irradiation time was 120 min.The photocatalytic degradation of MB could be properly described by the first-order kinetic law.By comparison of the removal rates of MB with and without UV light,it could be affirmed that the disappearance of MB was due to photodegradation rather than adsorption on cotton fibers.     

不同形貌纳米ZnO的合成及其光催化性能研究

以Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和NH4HCO3为原料,采用直接沉淀法制备了不同形貌和微观结构的纳米氧化锌。详细研究了反应终点pH值及沉淀前驱物的后处理方式等对粉体的晶体结构、形貌、粒径分布和团聚状况的影响。通过调节反应条件可分别获得网络状或颗粒状纳米氧化锌;光催化降解实验结果表明,网络状纳米氧化锌的光催化性能优于纳米颗粒状产物,而且该网络状和颗粒状纳米氧化锌的光催化活性均明显优于商品光催化剂P25。     

溶剂热法合成有机物包裹的钴纳米粒子及其表征

在多元醇媒介中采用溶剂热法合成了油酸/三苯基膦包裹的钴纳米粒子.采用X射线衍射4g(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱仪(IR)和热重分析仪(TG)对所得样品进行了分析.TEM照片显示所制备的钴纳米粒子粒径约为14nm,分散良好,尺寸分布较窄.XRD分析表明,钴纳米以六角密堆积和面心立方的混晶形式存在.研究发现溶液的pH值对产物有重要影响,即只有当溶液的pH值高于12.62时才可以得到纯的纳米钴.热重分析证实包裹在纳米钴表面的油酸和三本基膦分别占整个纳米粒子质量的25.8%和69.2%.     

快速热解法制备炭包覆纳米金属磁性颗粒(英文)

以简单金属前躯体为原料通过快速热解法制备炭包覆纳米金属磁性颗粒,通过透射电镜、X-射线衍射、热重-示差扫描同步热分析及振动样品磁强计等对产物形貌、结构、成分与磁性能进行表征。结果表明:采用该方法制备的炭包覆纳米金属磁性颗粒形状为近球形颗粒,粒径均一,其中炭包覆镍纳米磁性颗粒的粒径集中在10nm～30nm范围,炭包覆铁纳米磁性颗粒粒径则在50nm～60nm范围;所制炭包覆纳米金属磁性颗粒在室温下具有顺磁性,其磁性能随金属颗粒含量的变化而改变。该方法有望发展成一种工艺简单,可进行连续工业化生产炭包覆纳米金属磁性颗粒的方法。     

Influence of substrate on properties of gold nanolayers

Gold layers were prepared by sputtering on polyethylene (PE) and glass. Sheet resistance, thickness, surface morphology and crystal structure of the layers were studied by two-point technique, gravimetry, AFM and XRD. Under the same conditions the growth rate of the layer is higher on the glass. On the glass a shorter sputtering time is needed for creation of an electrically continuous layer. Roughness of the underlying substrate affects roughness of deposited gold layer. From XRD analysis it was found that the gold layers deposited onto glass and PE digger by biaxial strength, size of crystallites and number of micro-deformations.     

Properties of Au nanolayer sputtered on polyethyleneterephthalate

AFM, XRD, zeta (ζ) potential measurement and spectroscopic ellipsometry were used for characterization of thin (20 nm) Au films sputtered onto polyethyleneterephthalate (PET). Sputtered Au film shows significantly different surface morphology and roughness in comparison with pristine PET. From XRD measurement of 20 nm thick sputtered Au layers it was found that Au crystalizes preferentially in (111) direction with lattice parameter of a = 0.40769 nm, density of ρ = 19.338 g cm^− 3 and lattice stress of about 230 MPa. Higher surface conductance of Au/PET by ζ-potential measurement was found. Au layer thickness of 19.4 nm determined from spectroscopic ellipsometry was in good agreement with the AFM estimated value of 20 nm.     

Lattice parameter and expected density of Au nano-structures sputtered on glass

Gold nano-structures (clusters and layers) were sputtered on the glass substrate. Lattice parameter was determined by X-ray diffraction. Density of Au nano-structures was calculated depending on structures size. Density of gold structures increases from the value of 13.6 · 10³ to 19.3 · 10³ kg m^− 3. Free volume fraction of structures decreases from the value of 48 to 26%.     

Hollow spherical nanocapsules of poly(pyrrole) as a promising support for Pt/Ru nanoparticles based catalyst

Poly(pyrrole) hollow spherical nanocapsules (HSNCs-PPy) were prepared and used as an efficient support matrix to PtRu nanoparticles. γ-Radiation was utilized to load PtRu nanoparticles into Ppy-HSNC matrix. The advantageous characteristics of HSNCs-Ppy/PtRu catalyst as a support matrix for loading PtRu catalysts are presented.